Social media has transformed society in remarkable ways. It has given a voice to the voiceless, exposed hidden truths, helped victims seek justice, and created platforms where people can express opinions on issues that matter. However, many observers believe the benefits of these platforms are increasingly being overshadowed by abuse, to the point where some would hesitate to recommend them even to their own loved ones.
Although social media is widely celebrated as a tool for connecting people, sharing ideas, and promoting innovation, it has also become a breeding ground for online harassment, insults, and public shaming. For some users, these platforms have turned into a lawless space where people freely attack and humiliate others, often using language that would be considered unacceptable in any public setting.
Today, more than 5.2 billion people—about 60 percent of the world’s population—use social media, making it one of the most influential forms of communication in history. Young people make up the largest share of users, which also means they are the most vulnerable to the harmful content and toxic interactions that emerge when these platforms are misused.
In the United States, for example, around 90 percent of young people use YouTube, while approximately 60 percent use TikTok and Instagram, and nearly half are regular Snapchat users. Studies further show that children and teenagers spend an average of five hours a day on social media, raising concerns about the impact these platforms may have on their mental and emotional well-being.
Research has also revealed alarming levels of online abuse. About 79 percent of social media users reported experiencing harassment on YouTube, 69 percent on Snapchat, 64 percent on TikTok, and 49 percent on Facebook. Overall, nearly 40 percent of young users say social media contributes significantly to their stress and anxiety.
TikTok’s Growing Toxicity in Rwanda
In Rwanda, TikTok has increasingly become a platform for heated confrontations and public insults. Recently, while hosting guests at home, I connected my phone to a speaker and accidentally opened TikTok. Almost immediately, a live broadcast featuring two women exchanging insults filled the room. The language they used was so offensive that it left everyone present in shock.
The exchange was part of an ongoing social media feud involving a well-known figure in Rwanda’s entertainment industry and another personality famous for making controversial statements online. The insults extended beyond the individuals themselves to include their children, family members, and even deceased relatives.
The incident raised an important question: What happens when a child comes across such content online? What impact does it have on young minds that are increasingly exposed to this kind of hostility?
Many of these online confrontations appear to be motivated by financial gain. Content creators often engage in sensational behavior to attract viewers and receive gifts and donations during live broadcasts, particularly on TikTok. There is nothing wrong with earning money through social media, but should profit come at the expense of public decency and people’s mental well-being?
The problem goes beyond insults. There have been cases where individuals intentionally provoke motorcycle taxi riders and other unsuspecting people while recording videos for social media entertainment. Others have faced severe online ridicule simply because of their appearance or personal choices.
One recent example involved a newly married woman who became the target of online mockery after posting wedding photos. Some users insulted her husband and questioned why someone they considered attractive had married him. Although she publicly stated that the comments did not affect her, many people would struggle to cope with such hurtful remarks.
Another troubling aspect of social media is the fear it creates among victims of abuse. Some individuals hesitate to report crimes committed against them because they fear becoming subjects of online discussions and ridicule.
A notable example is Rwandan social media personality Shaddyboo, who revealed that she had been sexually assaulted. Instead of receiving support, she was met with harsh and insensitive comments, illustrating how social media can discourage victims from speaking out.
The Law and Online Responsibility
In recent years, the Rwandan government has taken significant steps to combat online abuse, including the illegal sharing of explicit content and private images. Public awareness has grown, and many people now understand that distributing another person’s intimate content can lead to serious legal consequences, including imprisonment.
However, many users may still be unaware that online insults and defamation are also punishable under Rwandan law. Public insults are considered criminal offenses intended to protect the dignity and security of individuals.
Anyone found guilty of publicly insulting another person can face a prison sentence ranging from 15 days to two months, a fine of between RWF 100,000 and RWF 200,000, or both.
A Call for Responsible Use
Social media remains one of the greatest communication tools of the digital age. It has the power to educate, connect communities, and amplify important voices. Yet, if left unchecked, it can also become a platform for hate, humiliation, and emotional harm.
As the influence of social media continues to grow, users, content creators, and authorities alike face a shared responsibility: ensuring that these platforms remain spaces for meaningful engagement rather than arenas for abuse and hostility.
KIGALI TIMES